Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) employing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes demonstrate remarkable potential in wastewater treatment applications. This article investigates the capabilities of PVDF membrane bioreactors, focusing on essential operational parameters such as effluent quality, transmembrane pressure, and microbial community structur

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) leveraging polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a promising solution for treating wastewater. These systems combine the benefits of biological treatment with membrane filtration, achieving high removal rates for organic pollutants. However, optimizing the performance of PVDF MBRs is crucial to ensure